The common free people of the Roman cities, meanwhile, began to move out into the countryside in search of food and better protection. Rather, it was due to the combined effect of a number of adverse processes, many of them set in motion by the Migration Period, that together applied too much stress to the empire’s basically sound structure. Jesus Christ was executed by Roman authorities in Jerusalem, a city in a Roman province.His disciples set about spreading the word of this new religion with remarkable success in the crowded cities of the Empire.Early persecutions of Christians were probably carried out at the whim of provincial governors and there was also occasional mob violence. Until the decline of the Roman Empire, the Germanic tribes who had migrated there (with the exceptions of the Saxons, Franks, and Lombards, see below) had converted to Christianity. The council repudiated the Eutychian doctrine of monophysitism, described and delineated the "Hypostatic Union" and two natures of Christ, human and divine; adopted the Chalcedonian Creed. Under this “tetrarchy,” or “rule of four,” each emperor would rule over a quarter-division of the empire. Maximian was to retire, and Maxentius was declared an usurper. Ostrogothic Kingdom: The Ostrogothic Kingdom, which rose from the ruins of the Western Roman Empire. Licinius, aided by Goth mercenaries, represented the past and the ancient Pagan faiths. Christianity in late antiquity traces Christianity during the Christian Roman Empire – the period from the rise of Christianity under Emperor Constantine (c. 313), until the fall of the Western Roman Empire (c. 476). Galerius issued an edict of toleration in 311, which granted Christians the right to practice their religion, but did not restore any taken property back to them. Antioch was where Jesus' followers were first labelled as Christians, it was used in a derogatory way to berate the followers of Jesus the Christ. Born to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia, Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become cavalry commander to the Emperor Carus. [37] The Ecumenical Council of Constantinople in 381 affirmed the primacy of Rome. In 313, Constantine and Licinius issued the Edict of Milan, decriminalizing Christian worship. After his death in 395, he gave the two halves of the empire to his two sons, Arcadius and Honorius; Arcadius became ruler in the east, with his capital in Constantinople, and Honorius became ruler in the west, with his capital in Milan, and later Ravenna. The continuing problems of the Empire would be radically addressed by Diocletian, allowing the Empire to continue to survive in the West for over a century, and in the East for over a millennium. [38] Though the appellate jurisdiction of the Pope, and the position of Constantinople, would require further doctrinal clarification, by the close of Antiquity the primacy of Rome and the sophisticated theological arguments supporting it were fully developed. Throughout the 5th century, the empire’s territories in western Europe and northwestern Africa, including Italy, fell to various invading or indigenous peoples, in what is sometimes called the Migration Period. These were mostly concerned with Christological disputes and represent an attempt to reach an orthodox consensus and to establish a unified Christian theology. Facing the pressures of civil war, plague, invasion, and economic depression, Diocletian was able to stabilize the Roman Empire for another hundred years through economic reform and the establishment of the Tetrarchy. "Arianism." 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